diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/BuiltElements/Archicad/ElementShape.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/BuiltElements/Archicad/ElementShape.cs
index 257b27e4..ca48e028 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/BuiltElements/Archicad/ElementShape.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/BuiltElements/Archicad/ElementShape.cs
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ public sealed class ElementShape : Base
     public double arcAngle { get; set; }
     public bool? bodyFlag { get; set; }
     public double length { get; set; }
-    public Interval domain { get; set; } = new(0, 1);
+    public Interval domain { get; set; } = Interval.UnitInterval;
   }
 
   /// <remarks>
@@ -66,6 +66,6 @@ public sealed class ElementShape : Base
 
     public List<PolylineSegment> polylineSegments { get; set; } = new();
     public double length { get; set; }
-    public Interval domain { get; set; } = new(0, 1);
+    public Interval domain { get; set; } = Interval.UnitInterval;
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Arc.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Arc.cs
index 54b10e9a..9765670f 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Arc.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Arc.cs
@@ -41,7 +41,10 @@ public class Arc : Base, IHasBoundingBox, ICurve, IHasArea, ITransformable<Arc>
     this.startAngle = startAngle;
     this.endAngle = endAngle;
     this.angleRadians = angleRadians;
-    domain = angleRadians > 0 ? new Interval(0, angleRadians) : new Interval(angleRadians, 0);
+    domain =
+      angleRadians > 0
+        ? new Interval { start = 0, end = angleRadians }
+        : new Interval { start = angleRadians, end = 0 };
     this.applicationId = applicationId;
     this.units = units;
   }
@@ -64,7 +67,14 @@ public class Arc : Base, IHasBoundingBox, ICurve, IHasArea, ITransformable<Arc>
     string? applicationId = null
   )
     : this(
-      new Plane(startPoint, new Vector(0, 0, 1), new Vector(1, 0, 0), new Vector(0, 1, 0), units),
+      new Plane
+      {
+        origin = startPoint,
+        normal = new Vector(0, 0, 1),
+        xdir = new Vector(1, 0, 0),
+        ydir = new Vector(0, 1, 0),
+        units = units
+      },
       startPoint,
       endPoint,
       angleRadians,
@@ -106,7 +116,10 @@ public class Arc : Base, IHasBoundingBox, ICurve, IHasArea, ITransformable<Arc>
     this.startPoint = startPoint;
     this.endPoint = endPoint;
     this.angleRadians = angleRadians;
-    domain = angleRadians > 0 ? new Interval(0, angleRadians) : new Interval(angleRadians, 0);
+    domain =
+      angleRadians > 0
+        ? new Interval { start = 0, end = angleRadians }
+        : new Interval { start = angleRadians, end = 0 };
     this.applicationId = applicationId;
 
     // find chord and chord angle which may differ from the arc angle
@@ -204,7 +217,7 @@ public class Arc : Base, IHasBoundingBox, ICurve, IHasArea, ITransformable<Arc>
   public string units { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public Interval domain { get; set; } = new(0, 0);
+  public Interval domain { get; set; } = new() { start = 0, end = 0 };
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   public double length { get; set; }
@@ -213,7 +226,7 @@ public class Arc : Base, IHasBoundingBox, ICurve, IHasArea, ITransformable<Arc>
   public double area { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public Box bbox { get; set; }
+  public Box? bbox { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   public bool TransformTo(Transform transform, out Arc transformed)
@@ -279,7 +292,7 @@ public class Arc : Base, IHasBoundingBox, ICurve, IHasArea, ITransformable<Arc>
       startAngle = list[3],
       endAngle = list[4],
       angleRadians = list[5],
-      domain = new Interval(list[6], list[7]),
+      domain = new Interval { start = list[6], end = list[7] },
       units = Units.GetUnitFromEncoding(list[list.Count - 1]),
       plane = Plane.FromList(list.GetRange(8, 13))
     };
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Box.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Box.cs
index db27ad45..f2af8df1 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Box.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Box.cs
@@ -10,54 +10,25 @@ namespace Speckle.Objects.Geometry;
 [SpeckleType("Objects.Geometry.Box")]
 public class Box : Base, IHasVolume, IHasArea, IHasBoundingBox
 {
-  /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public Box() { }
-
-  /// <summary>
-  /// Constructs a new <see cref="Box"/> instance with a <see cref="Plane"/> and coordinate intervals for all 3 axis {x , y , z}
-  /// </summary>
-  /// <param name="basePlane">The plane the box will be oriented by.</param>
-  /// <param name="xSize">The range of coordinates (min, max) for the X axis</param>
-  /// <param name="ySize">The range of coordinates (min, max) for the Y axis</param>
-  /// <param name="zSize">The range of coordinates (min, max) for the Z axis</param>
-  /// <param name="units">The units the coordinates are in.</param>
-  /// <param name="applicationId">The unique application ID of the object.</param>
-  public Box(
-    Plane basePlane,
-    Interval xSize,
-    Interval ySize,
-    Interval zSize,
-    string units = Units.Meters,
-    string? applicationId = null
-  )
-  {
-    this.basePlane = basePlane;
-    this.xSize = xSize;
-    this.ySize = ySize;
-    this.zSize = zSize;
-    this.applicationId = applicationId;
-    this.units = units;
-  }
-
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the plane that defines the orientation of the <see cref="Box"/>
   /// </summary>
-  public Plane basePlane { get; set; }
+  public required Plane basePlane { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the <see cref="Interval"/> that defines the min and max coordinate in the X direction
   /// </summary>
-  public Interval xSize { get; set; }
+  public required Interval xSize { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the <see cref="Interval"/> that defines the min and max coordinate in the Y direction
   /// </summary>
-  public Interval ySize { get; set; }
+  public required Interval ySize { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the <see cref="Interval"/> that defines the min and max coordinate in the Y direction
   /// </summary>
-  public Interval zSize { get; set; }
+  public required Interval zSize { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// The units this object's coordinates are in.
@@ -65,13 +36,13 @@ public class Box : Base, IHasVolume, IHasArea, IHasBoundingBox
   /// <remarks>
   /// This should be one of <see cref="Units"/>
   /// </remarks>
-  public string units { get; set; }
+  public required string units { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   public double area { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public Box bbox { get; }
+  public Box? bbox { get; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   public double volume { get; set; }
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Brep.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Brep.cs
index f0ca3c0c..17d9c1a6 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Brep.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Brep.cs
@@ -14,52 +14,19 @@ namespace Speckle.Objects.Geometry;
 [SpeckleType("Objects.Geometry.Brep")]
 public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<Brep>, IDisplayValue<List<Mesh>>
 {
-  /// <summary>
-  /// Initializes a new instance of <see cref="Brep"/> class.
-  /// </summary>
-  public Brep()
-  {
-    Surfaces = new List<Surface>();
-    Curve2D = new List<ICurve>();
-    Curve3D = new List<ICurve>();
-
-    Vertices = new List<Point>();
-    Edges = new List<BrepEdge>();
-    Loops = new List<BrepLoop>();
-    Trims = new List<BrepTrim>();
-    Faces = new List<BrepFace>();
-
-    IsClosed = false;
-    Orientation = BrepOrientation.None;
-  }
-
-  public Brep(string provenance, Mesh displayValue, string units = Units.Meters, string? applicationId = null)
-    : this(provenance, new List<Mesh> { displayValue }, units, applicationId) { }
-
-  public Brep(string provenance, List<Mesh> displayValues, string units = Units.Meters, string? applicationId = null)
-    : this()
-  {
-    this.provenance = provenance;
-    displayValue = displayValues;
-    this.applicationId = applicationId;
-    this.units = units;
-  }
-
-  public string provenance { get; set; }
-
   /// <summary>
   /// The unit's this object's coordinates are in.
   /// </summary>
   /// <remarks>
   /// This should be one of <see cref="Units"/>
   /// </remarks>
-  public string units { get; set; }
+  public required string units { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the list of surfaces in this <see cref="Brep"/> instance.
   /// </summary>
   [JsonIgnore]
-  public List<Surface> Surfaces { get; set; }
+  public required List<Surface> Surfaces { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the flat list of numbers representing the <see cref="Brep"/>'s surfaces.
@@ -70,14 +37,10 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
     get
     {
       var list = new List<double>();
-      if (Surfaces != null)
+      foreach (var srf in Surfaces)
       {
-        foreach (var srf in Surfaces)
-        {
-          list.AddRange(srf.ToList());
-        }
+        list.AddRange(srf.ToList());
       }
-
       return list;
     }
     set
@@ -106,7 +69,7 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
   /// Gets or sets the list of 3-dimensional curves in this <see cref="Brep"/> instance.
   /// </summary>
   [JsonIgnore]
-  public List<ICurve> Curve3D { get; set; }
+  public required List<ICurve> Curve3D { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the flat list of numbers representing the <see cref="Brep"/>'s 3D curves.
@@ -131,7 +94,7 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
   /// Gets or sets the list of 2-dimensional UV curves in this <see cref="Brep"/> instance.
   /// </summary>
   [JsonIgnore]
-  public List<ICurve> Curve2D { get; set; }
+  public required List<ICurve> Curve2D { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the flat list of numbers representing the <see cref="Brep"/>'s 2D curves.
@@ -156,7 +119,7 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
   /// Gets or sets the list of vertices in this <see cref="Brep"/> instance.
   /// </summary>
   [JsonIgnore]
-  public List<Point> Vertices { get; set; }
+  public required List<Point> Vertices { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the flat list of numbers representing the <see cref="Brep"/>'s vertices.
@@ -169,7 +132,7 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
   {
     get
     {
-      var list = new List<double>();
+      var list = new List<double>((Vertices.Count * 3) + 1);
       list.Add(Units.GetEncodingFromUnit(units));
       foreach (var vertex in Vertices)
       {
@@ -183,6 +146,7 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
       if (value != null)
       {
         var units = value.Count % 3 == 0 ? Units.None : Units.GetUnitFromEncoding(value[0]);
+        Vertices = new(value.Count / 3);
         for (int i = value.Count % 3 == 0 ? 0 : 1; i < value.Count; i += 3)
         {
           Vertices.Add(new Point(value[i], value[i + 1], value[i + 2], units));
@@ -195,7 +159,7 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
   /// Gets or sets the list of edges in this <see cref="Brep"/> instance.
   /// </summary>
   [JsonIgnore]
-  public List<BrepEdge> Edges { get; set; }
+  public required List<BrepEdge> Edges { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the flat list of numbers representing the <see cref="Brep"/>'s edges.
@@ -215,8 +179,8 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
           ints.Add(e.StartIndex);
           ints.Add(e.EndIndex);
           ints.Add(Convert.ToInt32(e.ProxyCurveIsReversed));
-          ints.Add(e.Domain.start ?? 0);
-          ints.Add(e.Domain.end ?? 1);
+          ints.Add(e.Domain.start);
+          ints.Add(e.Domain.end);
           ints.AddRange(e.TrimIndices.Select(Convert.ToDouble).Cast<double?>());
           return ints.Prepend(ints.Count);
         })
@@ -242,11 +206,23 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
         var domainStart = loopValues[4];
         var domainEnd = loopValues[5];
         Interval domain =
-          domainStart.HasValue && domainEnd.HasValue ? new(domainStart.Value, domainEnd.Value) : new(0, 1);
+          domainStart.HasValue && domainEnd.HasValue
+            ? new() { start = domainStart.Value, end = domainEnd.Value }
+            : Interval.UnitInterval;
 
         var trimIndices = loopValues.GetRange(6, loopValues.Count - 6).Select(d => Convert.ToInt32(d)).ToArray();
 
-        var edge = new BrepEdge(this, curve3dIndex, trimIndices, startIndex, endIndex, proxyReversed, domain);
+        var edge = new BrepEdge
+        {
+          Brep = this,
+          Curve3dIndex = curve3dIndex,
+          TrimIndices = trimIndices,
+          StartIndex = startIndex,
+          EndIndex = endIndex,
+          ProxyCurveIsReversed = proxyReversed,
+          Domain = domain
+        };
+
         Edges.Add(edge);
         i += n + 1;
       }
@@ -257,7 +233,7 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
   /// Gets or sets the list of closed UV loops in this <see cref="Brep"/> instance.
   /// </summary>
   [JsonIgnore]
-  public List<BrepLoop> Loops { get; set; }
+  public required List<BrepLoop> Loops { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the flat list of numbers representing the <see cref="Brep"/>'s loops.
@@ -296,7 +272,13 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
         var faceIndex = loopValues[0];
         var type = (BrepLoopType)loopValues[1];
         var trimIndices = loopValues.GetRange(2, loopValues.Count - 2);
-        var loop = new BrepLoop(this, faceIndex, trimIndices, type);
+        var loop = new BrepLoop
+        {
+          Brep = this,
+          FaceIndex = faceIndex,
+          TrimIndices = trimIndices,
+          Type = type
+        };
         Loops.Add(loop);
         i += n + 1;
       }
@@ -307,7 +289,7 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
   /// Gets or sets the list of UV trim segments for each surface in this <see cref="Brep"/> instance.
   /// </summary>
   [JsonIgnore]
-  public List<BrepTrim> Trims { get; set; }
+  public required List<BrepTrim> Trims { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the flat list of numbers representing the <see cref="Brep"/>'s trims.
@@ -320,7 +302,7 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
   {
     get
     {
-      List<int> list = new();
+      List<int> list = new(Trims.Count * TRIMS_ENCODING_LENGTH);
       foreach (var trim in Trims)
       {
         list.Add(trim.EdgeIndex);
@@ -343,11 +325,12 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
         return;
       }
 
-      var list = new List<BrepTrim>();
-      for (int i = 0; i < value.Count; i += 9)
+      var list = new List<BrepTrim>(value.Count / TRIMS_ENCODING_LENGTH);
+      for (int i = 0; i < value.Count; i += TRIMS_ENCODING_LENGTH)
       {
         var trim = new BrepTrim
         {
+          Brep = this,
           EdgeIndex = value[i],
           StartIndex = value[i + 1],
           EndIndex = value[i + 2],
@@ -356,7 +339,8 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
           CurveIndex = value[i + 5],
           IsoStatus = value[i + 6],
           TrimType = (BrepTrimType)value[i + 7],
-          IsReversed = value[i + 8] == 1
+          IsReversed = value[i + 8] == 1,
+          Domain = Interval.UnitInterval, //TODO: This is a problem, see CXPLA-28
         };
         list.Add(trim);
       }
@@ -365,11 +349,13 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
     }
   }
 
+  private const int TRIMS_ENCODING_LENGTH = 9;
+
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the list of faces in this <see cref="Brep"/> instance.
   /// </summary>
   [JsonIgnore]
-  public List<BrepFace> Faces { get; set; }
+  public required List<BrepFace> Faces { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the flat list of numbers representing the <see cref="Brep"/>'s faces.
@@ -394,11 +380,11 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
         .ToList();
     set
     {
-      Faces = new List<BrepFace>();
       if (value == null || value.Count == 0)
       {
         return;
       }
+      Faces = new List<BrepFace>();
 
       var i = 0;
       while (i < value.Count)
@@ -410,7 +396,14 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
         var outerLoopIndex = faceValues[1];
         var orientationIsReversed = faceValues[2] == 1;
         var loopIndices = faceValues.GetRange(3, faceValues.Count - 3);
-        var face = new BrepFace(this, surfIndex, loopIndices, outerLoopIndex, orientationIsReversed);
+        var face = new BrepFace
+        {
+          Brep = this,
+          SurfaceIndex = surfIndex,
+          LoopIndices = loopIndices,
+          OuterLoopIndex = outerLoopIndex,
+          OrientationReversed = orientationIsReversed
+        };
         Faces.Add(face);
         i += n + 1;
       }
@@ -420,22 +413,22 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets if this <see cref="Brep"/> instance is closed or not.
   /// </summary>
-  public bool IsClosed { get; set; }
+  public required bool IsClosed { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the list of surfaces in this <see cref="Brep"/> instance.
   /// </summary>
-  public BrepOrientation Orientation { get; set; }
+  public required BrepOrientation Orientation { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   [DetachProperty]
-  public List<Mesh> displayValue { get; set; }
+  public required List<Mesh> displayValue { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   public double area { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public Box bbox { get; set; }
+  public Box? bbox { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   public double volume { get; set; }
@@ -476,7 +469,7 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
     }
 
     // transform vertices
-    var transformedVertices = new List<Point>();
+    var transformedVertices = new List<Point>(Vertices.Count);
     foreach (var vertex in Vertices)
     {
       vertex.TransformTo(transform, out Point transformedVertex);
@@ -485,7 +478,6 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
 
     transformed = new Brep
     {
-      provenance = provenance,
       units = units,
       displayValue = displayValues,
       Surfaces = surfaces,
@@ -504,45 +496,63 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
     foreach (var e in Edges)
     {
       transformed.Edges.Add(
-        new BrepEdge(
-          transformed,
-          e.Curve3dIndex,
-          e.TrimIndices,
-          e.StartIndex,
-          e.EndIndex,
-          e.ProxyCurveIsReversed,
-          e.Domain
-        )
+        new BrepEdge
+        {
+          Brep = transformed,
+          Curve3dIndex = e.Curve3dIndex,
+          TrimIndices = e.TrimIndices,
+          StartIndex = e.StartIndex,
+          EndIndex = e.EndIndex,
+          ProxyCurveIsReversed = e.ProxyCurveIsReversed,
+          Domain = e.Domain
+        }
       );
     }
 
     foreach (var l in Loops)
     {
-      transformed.Loops.Add(new BrepLoop(transformed, l.FaceIndex, l.TrimIndices, l.Type));
+      transformed.Loops.Add(
+        new BrepLoop
+        {
+          Brep = transformed,
+          FaceIndex = l.FaceIndex,
+          TrimIndices = l.TrimIndices,
+          Type = l.Type
+        }
+      );
     }
 
     foreach (var t in Trims)
     {
       transformed.Trims.Add(
-        new BrepTrim(
-          transformed,
-          t.EdgeIndex,
-          t.FaceIndex,
-          t.LoopIndex,
-          t.CurveIndex,
-          t.IsoStatus,
-          t.TrimType,
-          t.IsReversed,
-          t.StartIndex,
-          t.EndIndex
-        )
+        new BrepTrim
+        {
+          Brep = transformed,
+          EdgeIndex = t.EdgeIndex,
+          FaceIndex = t.FaceIndex,
+          LoopIndex = t.LoopIndex,
+          CurveIndex = t.CurveIndex,
+          IsoStatus = t.IsoStatus,
+          TrimType = t.TrimType,
+          IsReversed = t.IsReversed,
+          StartIndex = t.StartIndex,
+          EndIndex = t.EndIndex,
+          Domain = null!,
+        }
       );
     }
 
     foreach (var f in Faces)
     {
       transformed.Faces.Add(
-        new BrepFace(transformed, f.SurfaceIndex, f.LoopIndices, f.OuterLoopIndex, f.OrientationReversed)
+        new BrepFace
+        {
+          Brep = transformed,
+          SurfaceIndex = f.SurfaceIndex,
+          LoopIndices = f.LoopIndices,
+          OuterLoopIndex = f.OuterLoopIndex,
+          OrientationReversed = f.OrientationReversed
+        }
       );
     }
 
@@ -565,21 +575,22 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
     for (var i = 0; i < Edges.Count; i++)
     {
       var e = Edges[i];
-      lock (e)
+      var existing = e;
+      lock (existing)
       {
         if (e.Brep != null)
         {
-#pragma warning disable CS0728 // Possibly incorrect assignment to local which is the argument to a using or lock statement
-          e = new BrepEdge(
-#pragma warning restore CS0728 // Possibly incorrect assignment to local which is the argument to a using or lock statement
-            this,
-            e.Curve3dIndex,
-            e.TrimIndices,
-            e.StartIndex,
-            e.EndIndex,
-            e.ProxyCurveIsReversed,
-            e.Domain
-          );
+          e = new BrepEdge
+          {
+            Brep = this,
+            Curve3dIndex = e.Curve3dIndex,
+            TrimIndices = e.TrimIndices,
+            StartIndex = e.StartIndex,
+            EndIndex = e.EndIndex,
+            ProxyCurveIsReversed = e.ProxyCurveIsReversed,
+            Domain = e.Domain,
+          };
+
           Edges[i] = e;
         }
         else
@@ -592,13 +603,19 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
     for (var i = 0; i < Loops.Count; i++)
     {
       var l = Loops[i];
-      lock (l)
+      var existingLoop = l;
+      lock (existingLoop)
       {
         if (l.Brep != null)
         {
-#pragma warning disable CS0728 // Possibly incorrect assignment to local which is the argument to a using or lock statement
-          l = new BrepLoop(this, l.FaceIndex, l.TrimIndices, l.Type);
-#pragma warning restore CS0728 // Possibly incorrect assignment to local which is the argument to a using or lock statement
+          l = new BrepLoop
+          {
+            Brep = this,
+            FaceIndex = l.FaceIndex,
+            TrimIndices = l.TrimIndices,
+            Type = l.Type,
+          };
+
           Loops[i] = l;
         }
         else
@@ -611,24 +628,25 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
     for (var i = 0; i < Trims.Count; i++)
     {
       var t = Trims[i];
-      lock (t)
+      var existingTrim = t;
+      lock (existingTrim)
       {
         if (t.Brep != null)
         {
-#pragma warning disable CS0728 // Possibly incorrect assignment to local which is the argument to a using or lock statement
-          t = new BrepTrim(
-#pragma warning restore CS0728 // Possibly incorrect assignment to local which is the argument to a using or lock statement
-            this,
-            t.EdgeIndex,
-            t.FaceIndex,
-            t.LoopIndex,
-            t.CurveIndex,
-            t.IsoStatus,
-            t.TrimType,
-            t.IsReversed,
-            t.StartIndex,
-            t.EndIndex
-          );
+          t = new BrepTrim
+          {
+            Brep = this,
+            EdgeIndex = t.EdgeIndex,
+            LoopIndex = t.LoopIndex,
+            CurveIndex = t.CurveIndex,
+            IsoStatus = t.IsoStatus,
+            TrimType = t.TrimType,
+            IsReversed = t.IsReversed,
+            StartIndex = t.StartIndex,
+            EndIndex = t.EndIndex,
+            FaceIndex = t.FaceIndex,
+            Domain = Interval.UnitInterval, //TODO: This is a problem, see CXPLA-28
+          };
           Trims[i] = t;
         }
         else
@@ -641,13 +659,19 @@ public class Brep : Base, IHasArea, IHasVolume, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<
     for (var i = 0; i < Faces.Count; i++)
     {
       var f = Faces[i];
-      lock (f)
+      var existingFace = f;
+      lock (existingFace)
       {
         if (f.Brep != null)
         {
-#pragma warning disable CS0728 // Possibly incorrect assignment to local which is the argument to a using or lock statement
-          f = new BrepFace(this, f.SurfaceIndex, f.LoopIndices, f.OuterLoopIndex, f.OrientationReversed);
-#pragma warning restore CS0728 // Possibly incorrect assignment to local which is the argument to a using or lock statement
+          f = new BrepFace
+          {
+            Brep = this,
+            SurfaceIndex = f.SurfaceIndex,
+            LoopIndices = f.LoopIndices,
+            OuterLoopIndex = f.OuterLoopIndex,
+            OrientationReversed = f.OrientationReversed
+          };
           Faces[i] = f;
         }
         else
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/BrepEdge.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/BrepEdge.cs
index 81caa908..b2009157 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/BrepEdge.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/BrepEdge.cs
@@ -10,38 +10,17 @@ namespace Speckle.Objects.Geometry;
 [SpeckleType("Objects.Geometry.BrepEdge")]
 public class BrepEdge : Base
 {
-  public BrepEdge() { }
-
-  public BrepEdge(
-    Brep brep,
-    int curve3dIndex,
-    int[] trimIndices,
-    int startIndex,
-    int endIndex,
-    bool proxyCurvedIsReversed,
-    Interval? domain
-  )
-  {
-    Brep = brep;
-    Curve3dIndex = curve3dIndex;
-    TrimIndices = trimIndices;
-    StartIndex = startIndex;
-    EndIndex = endIndex;
-    ProxyCurveIsReversed = proxyCurvedIsReversed;
-    Domain = domain ?? new(0, 1);
-  }
-
   [JsonIgnore]
-  public Brep Brep { get; set; }
+  public required Brep Brep { get; set; }
 
-  public int Curve3dIndex { get; set; }
-  public int[] TrimIndices { get; set; }
-  public int StartIndex { get; set; }
-  public int EndIndex { get; set; }
+  public required int Curve3dIndex { get; set; }
+  public required int[] TrimIndices { get; set; }
+  public required int StartIndex { get; set; }
+  public required int EndIndex { get; set; }
 
-  public bool ProxyCurveIsReversed { get; set; }
+  public required bool ProxyCurveIsReversed { get; set; }
 
-  public Interval Domain { get; set; } = new(0, 1);
+  public required Interval Domain { get; set; }
 
   [JsonIgnore]
   public Point StartVertex => Brep.Vertices[StartIndex];
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/BrepFace.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/BrepFace.cs
index 73295a7b..748f65d8 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/BrepFace.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/BrepFace.cs
@@ -9,24 +9,13 @@ namespace Speckle.Objects.Geometry;
 [SpeckleType("Objects.Geometry.BrepFace")]
 public class BrepFace : Base
 {
-  public BrepFace() { }
-
-  public BrepFace(Brep brep, int surfaceIndex, List<int> loopIndices, int outerLoopIndex, bool orientationReversed)
-  {
-    Brep = brep;
-    SurfaceIndex = surfaceIndex;
-    LoopIndices = loopIndices;
-    OuterLoopIndex = outerLoopIndex;
-    OrientationReversed = orientationReversed;
-  }
-
   [JsonIgnore]
-  public Brep Brep { get; set; }
+  public required Brep Brep { get; set; }
 
-  public int SurfaceIndex { get; set; }
-  public List<int> LoopIndices { get; set; }
-  public int OuterLoopIndex { get; set; }
-  public bool OrientationReversed { get; set; }
+  public required int SurfaceIndex { get; set; }
+  public required List<int> LoopIndices { get; set; }
+  public required int OuterLoopIndex { get; set; }
+  public required bool OrientationReversed { get; set; }
 
   [JsonIgnore]
   public BrepLoop OuterLoop => Brep.Loops[OuterLoopIndex];
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/BrepLoop.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/BrepLoop.cs
index 9fc1e4c6..095e1b7b 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/BrepLoop.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/BrepLoop.cs
@@ -9,22 +9,12 @@ namespace Speckle.Objects.Geometry;
 [SpeckleType("Objects.Geometry.BrepLoop")]
 public class BrepLoop : Base
 {
-  public BrepLoop() { }
-
-  public BrepLoop(Brep brep, int faceIndex, List<int> trimIndices, BrepLoopType type)
-  {
-    Brep = brep;
-    FaceIndex = faceIndex;
-    TrimIndices = trimIndices;
-    Type = type;
-  }
-
   [JsonIgnore]
-  public Brep Brep { get; set; }
+  public required Brep Brep { get; set; }
 
-  public int FaceIndex { get; set; }
-  public List<int> TrimIndices { get; set; }
-  public BrepLoopType Type { get; set; }
+  public required int FaceIndex { get; set; }
+  public required List<int> TrimIndices { get; set; }
+  public required BrepLoopType Type { get; set; }
 
   [JsonIgnore]
   public BrepFace Face => Brep.Faces[FaceIndex];
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/BrepTrim.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/BrepTrim.cs
index 0542e559..267a7454 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/BrepTrim.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/BrepTrim.cs
@@ -10,47 +10,19 @@ namespace Speckle.Objects.Geometry;
 [SpeckleType("Objects.Geometry.BrepTrim")]
 public class BrepTrim : Base
 {
-  public BrepTrim() { }
-
-  public BrepTrim(
-    Brep brep,
-    int edgeIndex,
-    int faceIndex,
-    int loopIndex,
-    int curveIndex,
-    int isoStatus,
-    BrepTrimType trimType,
-    bool reversed,
-    int startIndex,
-    int endIndex
-  )
-  {
-    Brep = brep;
-    EdgeIndex = edgeIndex;
-    FaceIndex = faceIndex;
-    LoopIndex = loopIndex;
-    CurveIndex = curveIndex;
-    IsoStatus = isoStatus;
-    TrimType = trimType;
-    IsReversed = reversed;
-    StartIndex = startIndex;
-    EndIndex = endIndex;
-  }
-
   [JsonIgnore]
-  public Brep Brep { get; set; }
+  public required Brep Brep { get; set; }
+  public required int EdgeIndex { get; set; }
+  public required int StartIndex { get; set; }
+  public required int EndIndex { get; set; }
+  public required int FaceIndex { get; set; }
+  public required int LoopIndex { get; set; }
+  public required int CurveIndex { get; set; }
+  public required int IsoStatus { get; set; }
+  public required BrepTrimType TrimType { get; set; }
+  public required bool IsReversed { get; set; }
 
-  public int EdgeIndex { get; set; }
-  public int StartIndex { get; set; }
-  public int EndIndex { get; set; }
-  public int FaceIndex { get; set; }
-  public int LoopIndex { get; set; }
-  public int CurveIndex { get; set; }
-  public int IsoStatus { get; set; }
-  public BrepTrimType TrimType { get; set; }
-  public bool IsReversed { get; set; }
-
-  public Interval Domain { get; set; } = new(0, 1);
+  public required Interval Domain { get; set; }
 
   [JsonIgnore]
   public BrepFace Face => Brep.Faces[FaceIndex];
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Circle.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Circle.cs
index 283f8407..776dd083 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Circle.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Circle.cs
@@ -7,46 +7,30 @@ namespace Speckle.Objects.Geometry;
 /// <summary>
 /// Represents a circular curve based on a base <see cref="Plane"/> and a <see cref="double"/> as radius.
 /// </summary>
+/// <remarks>
+/// These circles are expected to be full (untrimmed) circles.
+/// For trimmed circles, convert them as <see cref="Arc"/>s instead
+/// </remarks>
 [SpeckleType("Objects.Geometry.Circle")]
 public class Circle : Base, ICurve, IHasArea, IHasBoundingBox
 {
-  /// <summary>
-  /// Constructs an empty <see cref="Circle"/> instance.
-  /// </summary>
-  public Circle() { }
-
-  /// <summary>
-  /// Constructs a new <see cref="Circle"/> instance.
-  /// </summary>
-  /// <param name="plane">The plane where the circle lies</param>
-  /// <param name="radius">The radius of the circle</param>
-  /// <param name="units">The units the circle is modeled in</param>
-  /// <param name="applicationId">The unique ID of this circle in a specific application</param>
-  public Circle(Plane plane, double radius, string units = Units.Meters, string? applicationId = null)
-  {
-    this.plane = plane;
-    this.radius = radius;
-    this.applicationId = applicationId;
-    this.units = units;
-  }
-
   /// <summary>
   /// The radius of the circle
   /// </summary>
-  public double? radius { get; set; }
+  public required double radius { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// The <see cref="Plane"/> the circle lies in.
   /// </summary>
-  public Plane plane { get; set; }
+  public required Plane plane { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// The units this object was modeled in.
   /// </summary>
-  public string units { get; set; }
+  public required string units { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public Interval domain { get; set; } = new(0, 1);
+  public Interval domain { get; set; } = Interval.UnitInterval;
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   public double length { get; set; }
@@ -57,7 +41,7 @@ public class Circle : Base, ICurve, IHasArea, IHasBoundingBox
   public double area { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public Box bbox { get; set; }
+  public Box? bbox { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Returns the coordinates of this <see cref="Circle"/> as a list of numbers
@@ -67,9 +51,9 @@ public class Circle : Base, ICurve, IHasArea, IHasBoundingBox
   {
     var list = new List<double>();
 
-    list.Add(radius ?? 0);
-    list.Add(domain?.start ?? 0);
-    list.Add(domain?.end ?? 1);
+    list.Add(radius);
+    list.Add(domain.start);
+    list.Add(domain.end);
     list.AddRange(plane.ToList());
 
     list.Add(Units.GetEncodingFromUnit(units));
@@ -88,7 +72,7 @@ public class Circle : Base, ICurve, IHasArea, IHasBoundingBox
     var circle = new Circle
     {
       radius = list[2],
-      domain = new Interval(list[3], list[4]),
+      domain = new Interval { start = list[3], end = list[4] },
       plane = Plane.FromList(list.GetRange(5, 13)),
       units = Units.GetUnitFromEncoding(list[list.Count - 1])
     };
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Curve.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Curve.cs
index 3e597c6b..65564a23 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Curve.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Curve.cs
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ using Speckle.Objects.Other;
 using Speckle.Objects.Primitive;
 using Speckle.Sdk;
 using Speckle.Sdk.Common;
-using Speckle.Sdk.Logging;
 using Speckle.Sdk.Models;
 
 namespace Speckle.Objects.Geometry;
@@ -10,70 +9,52 @@ namespace Speckle.Objects.Geometry;
 [SpeckleType("Objects.Geometry.Curve")]
 public class Curve : Base, ICurve, IHasBoundingBox, IHasArea, ITransformable<Curve>, IDisplayValue<Polyline>
 {
-  /// <summary>
-  /// Constructs an empty <see cref="Curve"/> instance.
-  /// </summary>
-  public Curve() { }
+  public required int degree { get; set; }
 
-  /// <summary>
-  /// Constructs a new <see cref="Curve"/> instance based on displayValue a polyline.
-  /// </summary>
-  /// <param name="poly">The polyline that will be this curve's <see cref="displayValue"/></param>
-  /// <param name="units">The units this curve is be modelled in</param>
-  /// <param name="applicationId">The unique ID of this curve in a specific application</param>
-  public Curve(Polyline poly, string units = Units.Meters, string? applicationId = null)
-  {
-    displayValue = poly;
-    this.applicationId = applicationId;
-    this.units = units;
-  }
-
-  public int degree { get; set; }
-
-  public bool periodic { get; set; }
+  public required bool periodic { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// "True" if weights differ, "False" if weights are the same.
   /// </summary>
-  public bool rational { get; set; }
+  public required bool rational { get; set; }
 
   [DetachProperty, Chunkable(31250)]
-  public List<double> points { get; set; }
+  public required List<double> points { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the weights for this <see cref="Curve"/>. Use a default value of 1 for unweighted points.
   /// </summary>
   [DetachProperty, Chunkable(31250)]
-  public List<double> weights { get; set; }
+  public required List<double> weights { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the knots for this <see cref="Curve"/>. Count should be equal to <see cref="points"/> count + <see cref="degree"/> + 1.
   /// </summary>
   [DetachProperty, Chunkable(31250)]
-  public List<double> knots { get; set; }
+  public required List<double> knots { get; set; }
 
-  public bool closed { get; set; }
+  public required bool closed { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// The units this object was specified in.
   /// </summary>
-  public string units { get; set; }
+  public required string units { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public Interval domain { get; set; } = new Interval(0, 1);
+  public Interval domain { get; set; } = Interval.UnitInterval;
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   public double length { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   [DetachProperty]
-  public Polyline displayValue { get; set; }
+  public required Polyline displayValue { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   public double area { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public Box bbox { get; set; }
+  public Box? bbox { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   public bool TransformTo(Transform transform, out Curve transformed)
@@ -99,7 +80,7 @@ public class Curve : Base, ICurve, IHasBoundingBox, IHasArea, ITransformable<Cur
       closed = closed,
       units = units,
       applicationId = applicationId,
-      domain = domain != null ? new Interval { start = domain.start, end = domain.end } : new Interval(0, 1)
+      domain = domain != null ? new Interval { start = domain.start, end = domain.end } : Interval.UnitInterval
     };
 
     return result;
@@ -175,35 +156,34 @@ public class Curve : Base, ICurve, IHasBoundingBox, IHasArea, ITransformable<Cur
   /// </remarks>
   public static Curve FromList(List<double> list)
   {
-    if (list[0] != list.Count - 1)
+    if ((int)list[0] != list.Count - 1)
     {
-      throw new Exception($"Incorrect length. Expected {list[0]}, got {list.Count}.");
+      throw new ArgumentException($"Incorrect length. Expected {list[0]}, got {list.Count}", nameof(list));
     }
 
     if (list[1] != CurveTypeEncoding.Curve)
     {
-      throw new Exception($"Wrong curve type. Expected {CurveTypeEncoding.Curve}, got {list[1]}.");
+      throw new ArgumentException($"Wrong curve type. Expected {CurveTypeEncoding.Curve}, got {list[1]}", nameof(list));
     }
 
-    string units = Units.GetUnitFromEncoding(list[list.Count - 1]);
-    var curve = new Curve
-    {
-      degree = (int)list[2],
-      periodic = list[3] == 1,
-      rational = list[4] == 1,
-      closed = list[5] == 1,
-      domain = new Interval(list[6], list[7]),
-      displayValue = new Polyline() { units = units } // this is unique to breps, so we do not create curves with null displayValues
-    };
-
     var pointsCount = (int)list[8];
     var weightsCount = (int)list[9];
     var knotsCount = (int)list[10];
 
-    curve.points = list.GetRange(11, pointsCount);
-    curve.weights = list.GetRange(11 + pointsCount, weightsCount);
-    curve.knots = list.GetRange(11 + pointsCount + weightsCount, knotsCount);
-    curve.units = units;
+    string units = Units.GetUnitFromEncoding(list[^1]);
+    var curve = new Curve
+    {
+      degree = (int)list[2],
+      periodic = (int)list[3] == 1,
+      rational = (int)list[4] == 1,
+      closed = (int)list[5] == 1,
+      domain = new Interval { start = list[6], end = list[7] },
+      displayValue = new Polyline { value = new(), units = units }, // this is unique to breps, so we do not create curves with null displayValues
+      points = list.GetRange(11, pointsCount),
+      weights = list.GetRange(11 + pointsCount, weightsCount),
+      knots = list.GetRange(11 + pointsCount + weightsCount, knotsCount),
+      units = units,
+    };
 
     return curve;
   }
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Ellipse.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Ellipse.cs
index 16e0c340..37d4b394 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Ellipse.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Ellipse.cs
@@ -7,65 +7,20 @@ namespace Speckle.Objects.Geometry;
 [SpeckleType("Objects.Geometry.Ellipse")]
 public class Ellipse : Base, ICurve, IHasArea
 {
-  /// <summary>
-  /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Ellipse"/> class.
-  /// This constructor is only intended for serialization/deserialization purposes.
-  /// Use other constructors to manually create ellipses.
-  /// </summary>
-  public Ellipse() { }
-
-  /// <summary>
-  /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Ellipse"/> class.
-  /// </summary>
-  /// <param name="plane">The plane to draw the ellipse in.</param>
-  /// <param name="radius1">First radius of the ellipse.</param>
-  /// <param name="radius2">Second radius of the ellipse.</param>
-  /// <param name="applicationId">Application ID, defaults to null.</param>
-  public Ellipse(Plane plane, double radius1, double radius2, string units = Units.Meters, string? applicationId = null)
-    : this(plane, radius1, radius2, new Interval(0, 1), null, units) { }
-
-  /// <summary>
-  /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Ellipse"/> class.
-  /// </summary>
-  /// <param name="plane">The plane to draw the ellipse in.</param>
-  /// <param name="radius1">First radius of the ellipse.</param>
-  /// <param name="radius2">Second radius of the ellipse.</param>
-  /// <param name="domain">The curve's internal parametrization domain.</param>
-  /// <param name="trimDomain">The domain to trim the curve with. Will be null if the ellipse is not trimmed.</param>
-  /// <param name="applicationId">Application ID, defaults to null.</param>
-  public Ellipse(
-    Plane plane,
-    double radius1,
-    double radius2,
-    Interval domain,
-    Interval? trimDomain,
-    string units = Units.Meters,
-    string? applicationId = null
-  )
-  {
-    this.plane = plane;
-    firstRadius = radius1;
-    secondRadius = radius2;
-    this.domain = domain;
-    this.trimDomain = trimDomain;
-    this.applicationId = applicationId;
-    this.units = units;
-  }
-
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the first radius of the <see cref="Ellipse"/>. This is usually the major radius.
   /// </summary>
-  public double? firstRadius { get; set; }
+  public required double firstRadius { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the second radius of the <see cref="Ellipse"/>. This is usually the minor radius.
   /// </summary>
-  public double? secondRadius { get; set; }
+  public required double secondRadius { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the plane to draw this ellipse in.
   /// </summary>
-  public Plane plane { get; set; }
+  public required Plane plane { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or set the domain interval to trim this <see cref="Ellipse"/> with.
@@ -73,14 +28,14 @@ public class Ellipse : Base, ICurve, IHasArea
   public Interval? trimDomain { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc />
-  public Box bbox { get; set; }
+  public Box? bbox { get; set; }
 
-  public string units { get; set; }
+  public required string units { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the domain interval for this <see cref="Ellipse"/>.
   /// </summary>
-  public Interval domain { get; set; } = new(0, 0);
+  public required Interval domain { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc />
   public double length { get; set; }
@@ -93,10 +48,10 @@ public class Ellipse : Base, ICurve, IHasArea
   public List<double> ToList()
   {
     var list = new List<double>();
-    list.Add(firstRadius ?? 0);
-    list.Add(secondRadius ?? 0);
-    list.Add(domain?.start ?? 0);
-    list.Add(domain?.end ?? 0);
+    list.Add(firstRadius);
+    list.Add(secondRadius);
+    list.Add(domain.start);
+    list.Add(domain.end);
 
     list.AddRange(plane.ToList());
 
@@ -112,7 +67,7 @@ public class Ellipse : Base, ICurve, IHasArea
     {
       firstRadius = list[2],
       secondRadius = list[3],
-      domain = new Interval(list[4], list[5]),
+      domain = new Interval { start = list[4], end = list[5] },
       plane = Plane.FromList(list.GetRange(6, 13)),
       units = Units.GetUnitFromEncoding(list[list.Count - 1])
     };
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Extrusion.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Extrusion.cs
index 5425ed7c..5dd2c617 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Extrusion.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Extrusion.cs
@@ -35,6 +35,6 @@ public class Extrusion : Base, IHasVolume, IHasArea, IHasBoundingBox
 
   public double area { get; set; }
 
-  public Box bbox { get; set; }
+  public Box? bbox { get; set; }
   public double volume { get; set; }
 }
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Line.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Line.cs
index 1b62db57..b4b6c8f1 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Line.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Line.cs
@@ -81,10 +81,10 @@ public class Line : Base, ICurve, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<Line>
   public Point start { get; set; }
   public Point end { get; set; }
 
-  public Interval domain { get; set; } = new(0, 1);
+  public Interval domain { get; set; } = Interval.UnitInterval;
   public double length { get; set; }
 
-  public Box bbox { get; set; }
+  public Box? bbox { get; set; }
 
   public bool TransformTo(Transform transform, out Line transformed)
   {
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ public class Line : Base, ICurve, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<Line>
       end = transformedEnd,
       applicationId = applicationId,
       units = units,
-      domain = domain is null ? new(0, 1) : new() { start = domain.start, end = domain.end }
+      domain = domain is null ? Interval.UnitInterval : new() { start = domain.start, end = domain.end }
     };
     return true;
   }
@@ -126,7 +126,10 @@ public class Line : Base, ICurve, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<Line>
     var units = Units.GetUnitFromEncoding(list[list.Count - 1]);
     var startPt = new Point(list[2], list[3], list[4], units);
     var endPt = new Point(list[5], list[6], list[7], units);
-    var line = new Line(startPt, endPt, units) { domain = new Interval(list[8], list[9]) };
+    var line = new Line(startPt, endPt, units)
+    {
+      domain = new Interval { start = list[8], end = list[9] }
+    };
     return line;
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Mesh.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Mesh.cs
index 26c9cd95..0b12498d 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Mesh.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Mesh.cs
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ public class Mesh : Base, IHasBoundingBox, IHasVolume, IHasArea, ITransformable<
   public double area { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public Box bbox { get; set; }
+  public Box? bbox { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   public double volume { get; set; }
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Plane.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Plane.cs
index 635ed64b..d270c3ef 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Plane.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Plane.cs
@@ -10,62 +10,31 @@ namespace Speckle.Objects.Geometry;
 [SpeckleType("Objects.Geometry.Plane")]
 public class Plane : Base, ITransformable<Plane>
 {
-  /// <summary>
-  /// Constructs an empty <see cref="Plane"/>
-  /// </summary>
-  public Plane() { }
-
-  /// <summary>
-  /// Constructs a new <see cref="Plane"/> given it's individual values.
-  /// </summary>
-  /// <param name="origin">The point to be used as origin</param>
-  /// <param name="normal">The vector to be used as Z axis</param>
-  /// <param name="xDir">The vector to be used as the X axis</param>
-  /// <param name="yDir">The vector to be used as the Y axis</param>
-  /// <param name="units">The units the coordinates are in.</param>
-  /// <param name="applicationId">The unique ID of this polyline in a specific application</param>
-  public Plane(
-    Point origin,
-    Vector normal,
-    Vector xDir,
-    Vector yDir,
-    string units = Units.Meters,
-    string? applicationId = null
-  )
-  {
-    this.origin = origin;
-    this.normal = normal;
-    xdir = xDir;
-    ydir = yDir;
-    this.applicationId = applicationId;
-    this.units = units;
-  }
-
   /// <summary>
   /// The <see cref="Plane"/>s origin point.
   /// </summary>
-  public Point origin { get; set; }
+  public required Point origin { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// The <see cref="Plane"/>s Z axis.
   /// </summary>
-  public Vector normal { get; set; }
+  public required Vector normal { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// The <see cref="Plane"/>s X axis.
   /// </summary>
-  public Vector xdir { get; set; }
+  public required Vector xdir { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// The <see cref="Plane"/>s Y axis.
   /// </summary>
-  public Vector ydir { get; set; }
+  public required Vector ydir { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// The unit's this <see cref="Plane"/> is in.
   /// This should be one of <see cref="Units"/>
   /// </summary>
-  public string units { get; set; }
+  public required string units { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   public bool TransformTo(Transform transform, out Plane transformed)
@@ -120,13 +89,15 @@ public class Plane : Base, ITransformable<Plane>
   /// <returns>A new <see cref="Plane"/> with the provided values.</returns>
   public static Plane FromList(List<double> list)
   {
-    var plane = new Plane();
-
     var units = Units.GetUnitFromEncoding(list[list.Count - 1]);
-    plane.origin = new Point(list[0], list[1], list[2], units);
-    plane.normal = new Vector(list[3], list[4], list[5], units);
-    plane.xdir = new Vector(list[6], list[7], list[8], units);
-    plane.ydir = new Vector(list[9], list[10], list[11], units);
+    var plane = new Plane
+    {
+      origin = new Point(list[0], list[1], list[2], units),
+      normal = new Vector(list[3], list[4], list[5], units),
+      xdir = new Vector(list[6], list[7], list[8], units),
+      ydir = new Vector(list[9], list[10], list[11], units),
+      units = units,
+    };
 
     return plane;
   }
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Point.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Point.cs
index e310113b..24ea8673 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Point.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Point.cs
@@ -75,10 +75,7 @@ public class Point : Base, ITransformable<Point>
   /// The units this <see cref="Point"/> is in.
   /// This should be one of the units specified in <see cref="Units"/>
   /// </summary>
-  public string units { get; set; } = Units.None;
-
-  [JsonIgnore, Obsolete("Bounding box no longer applicable to point as of 2.18", true)]
-  public Box? bbox { get; set; }
+  public string units { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   public bool TransformTo(Transform transform, out Point transformed)
@@ -219,11 +216,6 @@ public class Point : Base, ITransformable<Point>
     return Math.Sqrt(Math.Pow(x - point.x, 2) + Math.Pow(y - point.y, 2) + Math.Pow(z - point.z, 2));
   }
 
-  public static Point Add(Point left, Point right)
-  {
-    throw new NotImplementedException();
-  }
-
   public override bool Equals(object obj)
   {
     if (ReferenceEquals(this, obj))
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Pointcloud.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Pointcloud.cs
index 2b6de5ec..30969db9 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Pointcloud.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Pointcloud.cs
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ public class Pointcloud : Base, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<Pointcloud>
   public string units { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public Box bbox { get; set; }
+  public Box? bbox { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   public bool TransformTo(Transform transform, out Pointcloud transformed)
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Polycurve.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Polycurve.cs
index 8157ec97..82c63ca6 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Polycurve.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Polycurve.cs
@@ -11,26 +11,10 @@ namespace Speckle.Objects.Geometry;
 [SpeckleType("Objects.Geometry.Polycurve")]
 public class Polycurve : Base, ICurve, IHasArea, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable
 {
-  /// <summary>
-  /// Constructs a new empty <see cref="Polycurve"/> instance.
-  /// </summary>
-  public Polycurve() { }
-
-  /// <summary>
-  /// Constructs a new empty <see cref="Polycurve"/> with defined units and unique application ID.
-  /// </summary>
-  /// <param name="units">The units the Polycurve was modelled in.</param>
-  /// <param name="applicationId">The unique ID of this polyline in a specific application</param>
-  public Polycurve(string units = Units.Meters, string? applicationId = null)
-  {
-    this.applicationId = applicationId;
-    this.units = units;
-  }
-
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the list of segments that comprise this <see cref="Polycurve"/>
   /// </summary>
-  public List<ICurve> segments { get; set; } = new();
+  public required List<ICurve> segments { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets a Boolean value indicating if the <see cref="Polycurve"/> is closed
@@ -42,12 +26,12 @@ public class Polycurve : Base, ICurve, IHasArea, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable
   /// The unit's this <see cref="Polycurve"/> is in.
   /// This should be one of <see cref="Units"/>
   /// </summary>
-  public string units { get; set; }
+  public required string units { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// The internal domain of this curve.
   /// </summary>
-  public Interval domain { get; set; } = new(0, 1);
+  public Interval domain { get; set; } = Interval.UnitInterval;
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   public double length { get; set; }
@@ -56,7 +40,7 @@ public class Polycurve : Base, ICurve, IHasArea, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable
   public double area { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public Box bbox { get; set; }
+  public Box? bbox { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   public bool TransformTo(Transform transform, out ITransformable polycurve)
@@ -98,6 +82,7 @@ public class Polycurve : Base, ICurve, IHasArea, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable
     Polycurve polycurve =
       new()
       {
+        segments = new(),
         units = polyline.units,
         area = polyline.area,
         domain = polyline.domain,
@@ -114,7 +99,7 @@ public class Polycurve : Base, ICurve, IHasArea, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable
     }
     if (polyline.closed)
     {
-      var line = new Line(points[points.Count - 1], points[0], polyline.units);
+      var line = new Line(points[^1], points[0], polyline.units);
       polycurve.segments.Add(line);
     }
 
@@ -129,8 +114,8 @@ public class Polycurve : Base, ICurve, IHasArea, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable
   {
     var list = new List<double>();
     list.Add(closed ? 1 : 0);
-    list.Add(domain?.start ?? 0);
-    list.Add(domain?.end ?? 1);
+    list.Add(domain.start);
+    list.Add(domain.end);
 
     var crvs = CurveArrayEncodingExtensions.ToArray(segments);
     list.Add(crvs.Count);
@@ -150,16 +135,15 @@ public class Polycurve : Base, ICurve, IHasArea, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable
   /// <returns>A new <see cref="Polycurve"/> with the provided values.</returns>
   public static Polycurve FromList(List<double> list)
   {
-    var polycurve = new Polycurve { closed = list[2] == 1, domain = new Interval(list[3], list[4]) };
-
     var temp = list.GetRange(6, (int)list[5]);
-    polycurve.segments = CurveArrayEncodingExtensions.FromArray(temp);
-    polycurve.units = Units.GetUnitFromEncoding(list[list.Count - 1]);
+    var polycurve = new Polycurve
+    {
+      segments = CurveArrayEncodingExtensions.FromArray(temp),
+      closed = (int)list[2] == 1,
+      domain = new Interval { start = list[3], end = list[4] },
+      units = Units.GetUnitFromEncoding(list[^1]),
+    };
+
     return polycurve;
   }
-
-  public Polycurve ToPolycurve()
-  {
-    throw new NotImplementedException();
-  }
 }
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Polyline.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Polyline.cs
index 2ab12a92..3f96c9fa 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Polyline.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Polyline.cs
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
-using Speckle.Newtonsoft.Json;
 using Speckle.Objects.Other;
 using Speckle.Objects.Primitive;
 using Speckle.Sdk;
 using Speckle.Sdk.Common;
-using Speckle.Sdk.Logging;
 using Speckle.Sdk.Models;
 
 namespace Speckle.Objects.Geometry;
@@ -12,170 +10,29 @@ namespace Speckle.Objects.Geometry;
 /// A polyline curve, defined by a set of vertices.
 /// </summary>
 [SpeckleType("Objects.Geometry.Polyline")]
-public class Polyline : Base, ICurve, IHasArea, IHasBoundingBox, IConvertible, ITransformable
+public class Polyline : Base, ICurve, IHasArea, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable
 {
-  /// <summary>
-  /// Constructs an empty <see cref="Polyline"/>
-  /// </summary>
-  public Polyline() { }
-
-  /// <summary>
-  /// Constructs a new <see cref="Polyline"/> instance from a flat list of coordinates.
-  /// </summary>
-  /// <param name="coordinatesArray">The array of 3-dimensional coordinates [x1,y1,z1,x2,y2,...</param>
-  /// <param name="units">The units the coordinates are in.</param>
-  /// <param name="applicationId">The unique ID of this polyline in a specific application</param>
-  [Obsolete("Use list constructor instead", true)]
-  public Polyline(IEnumerable<double> coordinatesArray, string units = Units.Meters, string? applicationId = null)
-    : this(coordinatesArray.ToList(), units, applicationId) { }
-
-  /// <summary>
-  /// Constructs a new <see cref="Polyline"/> instance from a flat list of coordinates.
-  /// </summary>
-  /// <param name="coordinates">The list of 3-dimensional coordinates [x1,y1,z1,x2,y2,...</param>
-  /// <param name="units">The units the coordinates are in.</param>
-  /// <param name="applicationId">The unique ID of this polyline in a specific application</param>
-  public Polyline(List<double> coordinates, string units = Units.Meters, string? applicationId = null)
-  {
-    value = coordinates;
-    this.units = units;
-    this.applicationId = applicationId;
-  }
-
   /// <summary>
   /// Gets or sets the raw coordinates that define this polyline. Use GetPoints instead to access this data as <see cref="Point"/> instances instead.
   /// </summary>
   [DetachProperty, Chunkable(31250)]
-  public List<double> value { get; set; } = new();
+  public required List<double> value { get; set; }
 
-  /// <summary>
+  /// <remarks>
   /// If true, do not add the last point to the value list. Polyline first and last points should be unique.
-  /// </summary>
+  /// </remarks>
   public bool closed { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// The unit's this <see cref="Polyline"/> is in.
   /// This should be one of <see cref="Units"/>
   /// </summary>
-  public string units { get; set; }
-
-  /// <summary>
-  /// Gets the list of points representing the vertices of this polyline.
-  /// </summary>
-  [JsonIgnore, Obsolete("Use " + nameof(GetPoints) + " Instead", true)]
-  public List<Point> points => GetPoints();
-
-  /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public object ToType(Type conversionType, IFormatProvider provider)
-  {
-    if (conversionType == typeof(Polycurve))
-    {
-      return (Polycurve)this;
-    }
-
-    throw new InvalidCastException();
-  }
-
-  /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public TypeCode GetTypeCode()
-  {
-    throw new NotImplementedException();
-  }
-
-  /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public bool ToBoolean(IFormatProvider provider)
-  {
-    throw new NotImplementedException();
-  }
-
-  /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public byte ToByte(IFormatProvider provider)
-  {
-    throw new NotImplementedException();
-  }
-
-  /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public char ToChar(IFormatProvider provider)
-  {
-    throw new NotImplementedException();
-  }
-
-  /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public DateTime ToDateTime(IFormatProvider provider)
-  {
-    throw new NotImplementedException();
-  }
-
-  /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public decimal ToDecimal(IFormatProvider provider)
-  {
-    throw new NotImplementedException();
-  }
-
-  /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public double ToDouble(IFormatProvider provider)
-  {
-    throw new NotImplementedException();
-  }
-
-  /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public short ToInt16(IFormatProvider provider)
-  {
-    throw new NotImplementedException();
-  }
-
-  /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public int ToInt32(IFormatProvider provider)
-  {
-    throw new NotImplementedException();
-  }
-
-  /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public long ToInt64(IFormatProvider provider)
-  {
-    throw new NotImplementedException();
-  }
-
-  /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public sbyte ToSByte(IFormatProvider provider)
-  {
-    throw new NotImplementedException();
-  }
-
-  /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public float ToSingle(IFormatProvider provider)
-  {
-    throw new NotImplementedException();
-  }
-
-  /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public string ToString(IFormatProvider provider)
-  {
-    throw new NotImplementedException();
-  }
-
-  /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public ushort ToUInt16(IFormatProvider provider)
-  {
-    throw new NotImplementedException();
-  }
-
-  /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public uint ToUInt32(IFormatProvider provider)
-  {
-    throw new NotImplementedException();
-  }
-
-  /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public ulong ToUInt64(IFormatProvider provider)
-  {
-    throw new NotImplementedException();
-  }
+  public required string units { get; set; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// The internal domain of this curve.
   /// </summary>
-  public Interval domain { get; set; } = new(0, 1);
+  public Interval domain { get; set; } = Interval.UnitInterval;
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   public double length { get; set; }
@@ -184,7 +41,7 @@ public class Polyline : Base, ICurve, IHasArea, IHasBoundingBox, IConvertible, I
   public double area { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public Box bbox { get; set; }
+  public Box? bbox { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   public bool TransformTo(Transform transform, out ITransformable transformed)
@@ -253,13 +110,15 @@ public class Polyline : Base, ICurve, IHasArea, IHasBoundingBox, IConvertible, I
   /// </summary>
   /// <param name="list">The list of values representing this polyline</param>
   /// <returns>A new <see cref="Polyline"/> with the provided values.</returns>
-
   public static Polyline FromList(List<double> list)
   {
-    var polyline = new Polyline { closed = list[2] == 1, domain = new Interval(list[3], list[4]) };
-    var pointCount = (int)list[5];
-    polyline.value = list.GetRange(6, pointCount);
-    polyline.units = Units.GetUnitFromEncoding(list[list.Count - 1]);
-    return polyline;
+    int pointCount = (int)list[5];
+    return new()
+    {
+      closed = (int)list[2] == 1,
+      domain = new Interval { start = list[3], end = list[4] },
+      value = list.GetRange(6, pointCount),
+      units = Units.GetUnitFromEncoding(list[^1])
+    };
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Spiral.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Spiral.cs
index a918858a..35d9d944 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Spiral.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Spiral.cs
@@ -37,5 +37,5 @@ public class Spiral : Base, ICurve, IHasBoundingBox, IDisplayValue<Polyline>
   [DetachProperty]
   public Polyline displayValue { get; set; }
 
-  public Box bbox { get; set; }
+  public Box? bbox { get; set; }
 }
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Surface.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Surface.cs
index 71f05f3f..896b7988 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Surface.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Surface.cs
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ public class Surface : Base, IHasBoundingBox, IHasArea, ITransformable<Surface>
   public double area { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public Box bbox { get; set; }
+  public Box? bbox { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   public bool TransformTo(Transform transform, out Surface transformed)
@@ -203,10 +203,10 @@ public class Surface : Base, IHasBoundingBox, IHasArea, ITransformable<Surface>
     list.Add(rational ? 1 : 0);
     list.Add(closedU ? 1 : 0);
     list.Add(closedV ? 1 : 0);
-    list.Add(domainU.start ?? 0); // 7
-    list.Add(domainU.end ?? 1);
-    list.Add(domainV.start ?? 0);
-    list.Add(domainV.end ?? 1); // [0] 10
+    list.Add(domainU.start); // 7
+    list.Add(domainU.end);
+    list.Add(domainV.start);
+    list.Add(domainV.end); // [0] 10
 
     list.Add(pointData.Count); // 11
     list.Add(knotsU.Count); // 12
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Vector.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Vector.cs
index 9f352d9f..a63e5fb9 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Vector.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Geometry/Vector.cs
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ public class Vector : Base, IHasBoundingBox, ITransformable<Vector>
   public double Length => Math.Sqrt(DotProduct(this, this));
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
-  public Box bbox { get; set; }
+  public Box? bbox { get; set; }
 
   /// <inheritdoc/>
   public bool TransformTo(Transform transform, out Vector transformed)
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Interfaces.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Interfaces.cs
index 994845c9..d3167dd4 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Interfaces.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Interfaces.cs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ public interface IHasBoundingBox
   /// <summary>
   /// The bounding box containing the object.
   /// </summary>
-  Box bbox { get; }
+  Box? bbox { get; }
 }
 
 /// <summary>
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Other/Instance.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Other/Instance.cs
index 3bd03201..42503914 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Other/Instance.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Other/Instance.cs
@@ -149,13 +149,14 @@ public class BlockInstance : Instance<BlockDefinition>
   public Plane GetInsertionPlane()
   {
     // TODO: UPDATE!
-    var plane = new Plane(
-      typedDefinition.basePoint ?? new Point(0, 0, 0, units),
-      new Vector(0, 0, 1, units),
-      new Vector(1, 0, 0, units),
-      new Vector(0, 1, 0, units),
-      units
-    );
+    var plane = new Plane()
+    {
+      origin = typedDefinition.basePoint ?? new Point(0, 0, 0, units),
+      normal = new Vector(0, 0, 1, units),
+      xdir = new Vector(1, 0, 0, units),
+      ydir = new Vector(0, 1, 0, units),
+      units = units
+    };
     plane.TransformTo(transform, out Plane tPlane);
     return tPlane;
   }
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Other/Revit/RevitInstance.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Other/Revit/RevitInstance.cs
index d4eabcf7..d9dd67c7 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Other/Revit/RevitInstance.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Other/Revit/RevitInstance.cs
@@ -56,13 +56,14 @@ public class RevitInstance : Instance<RevitSymbolElementType>
   public Plane GetInsertionPlane()
   {
     // TODO: Check for Revit in GH/DYN
-    var plane = new Plane(
-      new Point(0, 0, 0, units),
-      new Vector(0, 0, 1, units),
-      new Vector(1, 0, 0, units),
-      new Vector(0, 1, 0, units),
-      units
-    );
+    var plane = new Plane()
+    {
+      origin = new Point(0, 0, 0, units),
+      normal = new Vector(0, 0, 1, units),
+      xdir = new Vector(1, 0, 0, units),
+      ydir = new Vector(0, 1, 0, units),
+      units = units,
+    };
     plane.TransformTo(transform, out Plane tPlane);
     return tPlane;
   }
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Primitive/Interval.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Primitive/Interval.cs
index b1d03016..0ffcfc79 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Primitive/Interval.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Primitive/Interval.cs
@@ -6,22 +6,16 @@ namespace Speckle.Objects.Primitive;
 [SpeckleType("Objects.Primitive.Interval")]
 public class Interval : Base
 {
-  public Interval() { }
-
-  public Interval(double start, double end)
-  {
-    this.start = start;
-    this.end = end;
-  }
-
-  public double? start { get; set; }
-  public double? end { get; set; }
+  public required double start { get; set; }
+  public required double end { get; set; }
 
   [JsonIgnore]
-  public double Length => Math.Abs((end ?? 0) - (start ?? 0));
+  public double Length => Math.Abs((end) - (start));
 
   public override string ToString()
   {
     return base.ToString() + $"[{start}, {end}]";
   }
+
+  public static Interval UnitInterval => new() { start = 0, end = 1 };
 }
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Primitive/Interval2d.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Primitive/Interval2d.cs
index 528f4a99..8254e08e 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Primitive/Interval2d.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Primitive/Interval2d.cs
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ public class Interval2d : Base
 
   public Interval2d(double start_u, double end_u, double start_v, double end_v)
   {
-    u = new Interval(start_u, end_u);
-    v = new Interval(start_v, end_v);
+    u = new Interval { start = start_u, end = end_u };
+    v = new Interval { start = start_v, end = end_v };
   }
 
   public Interval u { get; set; }
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Structural/CSI/Geometry/CSINode.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Structural/CSI/Geometry/CSINode.cs
index 43657985..0476938f 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Structural/CSI/Geometry/CSINode.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Structural/CSI/Geometry/CSINode.cs
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ using Speckle.Objects.Structural.CSI.Properties;
 using Speckle.Objects.Structural.Geometry;
 using Speckle.Objects.Structural.Properties;
 using Speckle.Objects.Structural.Results;
+using Speckle.Sdk.Common;
 using Speckle.Sdk.Host;
 using Speckle.Sdk.Models;
 
@@ -40,7 +41,14 @@ public class CSINode : Node
       ?? new Axis(
         "Global",
         AxisType.Cartesian,
-        new Plane(new Point(0, 0), new Vector(0, 0, 1), new Vector(1, 0, 0), new Vector(0, 1, 0))
+        new Plane
+        {
+          origin = new Point(0, 0),
+          normal = new Vector(0, 0, 1),
+          xdir = new Vector(1, 0, 0),
+          ydir = new Vector(0, 1, 0),
+          units = Units.Meters, //Not sure if defaulting to meters is correct, but it was what we were doing previously inside Plane's ctor
+        }
       );
     CSISpringProperty = springProperty;
     this.massProperty = massProperty;
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Structural/GSA/Geometry/GSANode.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Structural/GSA/Geometry/GSANode.cs
index fe71cc29..37a9b7bc 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Structural/GSA/Geometry/GSANode.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Structural/GSA/Geometry/GSANode.cs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 using Speckle.Objects.Geometry;
 using Speckle.Objects.Structural.Geometry;
 using Speckle.Objects.Structural.Properties;
+using Speckle.Sdk.Common;
 using Speckle.Sdk.Host;
 using Speckle.Sdk.Models;
 
@@ -42,7 +43,14 @@ public class GSANode : Node
         ? new Axis(
           "Global",
           AxisType.Cartesian,
-          new Plane(new Point(0, 0), new Vector(0, 0, 1), new Vector(1, 0, 0), new Vector(0, 1, 0))
+          new Plane()
+          {
+            origin = new Point(0, 0),
+            normal = new Vector(0, 0, 1),
+            xdir = new Vector(1, 0, 0),
+            ydir = new Vector(0, 1, 0),
+            units = Units.Meters //Not sure if defaulting to meters is correct, but it was what we were doing previously inside Plane's ctor
+          }
         )
         : constraintAxis;
     this.springProperty = springProperty;
diff --git a/src/Speckle.Objects/Structural/Geometry/Node.cs b/src/Speckle.Objects/Structural/Geometry/Node.cs
index 0ba5559a..359b4dc6 100644
--- a/src/Speckle.Objects/Structural/Geometry/Node.cs
+++ b/src/Speckle.Objects/Structural/Geometry/Node.cs
@@ -43,7 +43,14 @@ public class Node : Base
       ?? new Axis(
         "Global",
         AxisType.Cartesian,
-        new Plane(new Point(0, 0), new Vector(0, 0, 1), new Vector(1, 0, 0), new Vector(0, 1, 0))
+        new Plane
+        {
+          origin = new Point(0, 0),
+          normal = new Vector(0, 0, 1),
+          xdir = new Vector(1, 0, 0),
+          ydir = new Vector(0, 1, 0),
+          units = Units.Meters, //Not sure if defaulting to meters is correct, but it was what we were doing previously inside Plane's ctor
+        }
       );
     this.springProperty = springProperty;
     this.massProperty = massProperty;
diff --git a/tests/Speckle.Objects.Tests.Unit/Geometry/ArcTests.cs b/tests/Speckle.Objects.Tests.Unit/Geometry/ArcTests.cs
index f7839178..e7a2cffc 100644
--- a/tests/Speckle.Objects.Tests.Unit/Geometry/ArcTests.cs
+++ b/tests/Speckle.Objects.Tests.Unit/Geometry/ArcTests.cs
@@ -1,13 +1,22 @@
 using System;
 using NUnit.Framework;
 using Speckle.Objects.Geometry;
+using Speckle.Sdk.Common;
 
 namespace Objects.Tests.Unit.Geometry;
 
 [TestFixture, TestOf(typeof(Arc))]
 public class ArcTests
 {
-  private Plane TestPlane => new(new Point(0, 0), new Vector(0, 0, 1), new Vector(1, 0, 0), new Vector(0, 1, 0));
+  private Plane TestPlane =>
+    new()
+    {
+      origin = new Point(0, 0),
+      normal = new Vector(0, 0, 1),
+      xdir = new Vector(1, 0, 0),
+      ydir = new Vector(0, 1, 0),
+      units = Units.Meters,
+    };
 
   [Test]
   public void CanCreateArc_HalfCircle()
diff --git a/tests/Speckle.Sdk.Tests.Unit/Serialisation/SerializerNonBreakingChanges.cs b/tests/Speckle.Sdk.Tests.Unit/Serialisation/SerializerNonBreakingChanges.cs
index 4e9481b7..a0247f45 100644
--- a/tests/Speckle.Sdk.Tests.Unit/Serialisation/SerializerNonBreakingChanges.cs
+++ b/tests/Speckle.Sdk.Tests.Unit/Serialisation/SerializerNonBreakingChanges.cs
@@ -56,6 +56,24 @@ public class SerializerNonBreakingChanges : PrimitiveTestFixture
     Assert.That(res.value, Is.EqualTo(testCase));
   }
 
+  [Test]
+  public void NullToInt()
+  {
+    var from = new ObjectValueMock { value = null };
+
+    var res = from.SerializeAsTAndDeserialize<IntValueMock>();
+    Assert.That(res.value, Is.EqualTo(default(int)));
+  }
+
+  [Test]
+  public void NullToDouble()
+  {
+    var from = new ObjectValueMock { value = null };
+
+    var res = from.SerializeAsTAndDeserialize<DoubleValueMock>();
+    Assert.That(res.value, Is.EqualTo(default(double)));
+  }
+
   [
     Test,
     TestCaseSource(nameof(Int8TestCases)),
@@ -277,6 +295,12 @@ public class EnumValueMock : SerializerMock
   public MyEnum value { get; set; }
 }
 
+[SpeckleType("Speckle.Core.Tests.Unit.Serialisation.ObjectValueMock")]
+public class ObjectValueMock : SerializerMock
+{
+  public object? value { get; set; }
+}
+
 public enum MyEnum
 {
   Zero,